In the last week, Japan's decision to raise interest rates has triggered significant volatility in global exchange rates, particularly impacting the yen, which had already seen substantial devaluation in April. The yen's decline earlier this year was driven by Japan's ultra-loose monetary policy, which contrasted with the tightening trends in other major economies. However, the recent unexpected increase in interest rates by the Bank of Japan has jolted the markets, leading to sharp fluctuations in currency values. The hike, aimed at countering inflationary pressures and stabilizing the yen, initially led to a short-term appreciation of the currency. However, this move also spurred increased speculation and uncertainty among investors. Many global traders were caught off-guard, resulting in swift adjustments in their positions. This, in turn, amplified the volatility across major currency pairs, especially those involving the yen. The impact of Japan's policy shift was ...